CLIMA, COMUNIDAD Y SALUD: CÓMO LOS ESPACIOS URBANOS AFECTAN EL BIENESTAR CIUDADANO

Abstract

This article presents a comparative study of two emblematic squares in the central and macrocenter areas of Salta, along with two relevant urban parks, evaluating their environmental, morphological, spatial, and social characteristics. The objective was to analyze how the environmental services of these spaces influence the physical and mental well-being of their users and visitors. The research combined qualitative and quantitative approaches, employing documentary techniques, measurements with certified equipment, and structured surveys to collect environmental and social variables. Additionally, morphological and spatial variables were analyzed using satellite images and photographic records. To quantify the contributions of these spaces, thermal and acoustic comfort indices were used in a city located in a valley at 1,027 m above sea level, with a warm temperate climate. The results indicate that urban forestation in these spaces significantly improves well-being, helping to mitigate the local climate. However, noise levels exceeding acceptable limits were detected in public spaces, underscoring the need to implement landscape and tree design strategies to optimize acoustic comfort and promote healthy and sustainable urban environments.