Survey of the technologies in development of MIMO, Beam Forming, Load Balancing and reuse of the spectrum in the implementation of cognitive radios

Abstract

The need to have efficiency in the use of the radioelectric spectrum, to achieve greater coverage and an allocation of resources, distributed, cooperative and collaborative, gives rise to cognitive radio, which together with the technology of multiple entries and multiple outputs (MIMO) will be the basis for the future in mobile communications. This work proposes to highlight the lines of research that provide solutions to some underlying problems in these schemes on three axes: collaborative beam formation, centralized resource allocation and load balancing with distributed bandwidth allocation.
The solution of each problem individually and assigned to a global technological solution, could form the basis for a scheme of high data transfer speeds and maximum coverage.